What Time Period Was the Swiss Family Robinson Story Set in
 Frontispiece from the 1851 American edition past John Gilbert | |
| Author | Johann David Wyss |
|---|---|
| Original title | Der Schweizerische Robinson |
| Translator | William H. G. Kingston |
| Illustrator | Johann Emmanuel Wyss |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Linguistic communication | German |
| Genre | Chance fiction |
| Publisher | Johann Rudolph Wyss (the author'due south son) |
| Publication date | 1812 |
| Media type | Print (Hardcover and paperback) |
| Pages | 323 |
The Swiss Family unit Robinson (High german: Der Schweizerische Robinson) is a novel past Johann David Wyss, get-go published in 1812, nigh a Swiss family unit of immigrants whose send en road to Port Jackson, Australia, goes off class and is shipwrecked in the East Indies. The coiffure of the send is lost, but the family and a number of domestic animals survive. They brand their way to shore where they build a settlement, undergoing a number of adventures before they are rescued; some of them refuse rescue and remain on the island.
The book is the most successful of a large number of "castaway novels" that were written in response to the success of Robinson Crusoe. It has gone through a large number of versions and adaptations.
History [edit]
Written by Swiss writer, Johann David Wyss, edited by his son Johann Rudolf Wyss, and illustrated past another son, Johann Emmanuel Wyss, the novel was intended to teach his four sons about family values, good husbandry, the uses of the natural world and self-reliance. Wyss' mental attitude towards its didactics is in line with the teachings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and many chapters involve Christian-oriented moral lessons such every bit frugality, husbandry, acceptance, and cooperation.[ane]
Wyss presents adventures equally lessons in natural history and physical science. This resembles other educational books for young ones published about the aforementioned time. These include Charlotte Turner Smith's Rural Walks: in Dialogues intended for the use of Young Persons (1795), Rambles Farther: A continuation of Rural Walks (1796), and A Natural History of Birds, intended chiefly for immature persons (1807). Simply Wyss' novel is also modeled after Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, an gamble story about a shipwrecked sailor offset published in 1719.[i]
The book presents a geographically impossible assortment of large mammals and plants that probably could never have existed together on a single island, for the children'southward instruction, nourishment, wear and convenience.
Over the years at that place have been many versions of the story with episodes added, inverse, or deleted. Perchance the best-known English language version is by William H. G. Kingston, kickoff published in 1879.[1] It is based on Isabelle de Montolieu'due south 1813 French accommodation and 1824 continuation (from chapter 37) Le Robinson suisse, ou, Journal d'un père de famille, naufragé avec ses enfants in which were added further adventures of Fritz, Franz, Ernest, and Jack.[one] Other English editions that claim to include the whole of the Wyss-Montolieu narrative are by West. H. Davenport Adams (1869–1910) and Mrs H. B. Paull (1879). As Carpenter and Prichard write in The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature (Oxford, 1995), "with all the expansions and contractions over the by two centuries (this includes a long history of abridgments, condensations, Christianizing, and Disney products), Wyss's original narrative has long since been obscured."[1] The closest English translation to the original is that of the Juvenile Library in 1816, published by the husband and married woman team William Godwin and Mary Jane Clairmont, reprinted by Penguin Classics.[2]
Although movie and television adaptations typically name the family "Robinson", information technology is not a Swiss name. The German title translates as The Swiss Robinson which identifies the novel as role of the Robinsonade genre, rather than a story near a family unit named Robinson.
Plot [edit]
The Map of "New Switzerland"
The novel opens with the titular family unit in the hold of a sailing ship, weathering a great storm. The transport's crew evacuate without them, and William and Elizabeth and their four sons (Fritz, Ernest, Jack and Franz) are left to survive alone. As the ship tosses about, William prays that God will spare them.
The ship survives the night and the family finds themselves within sight of a tropical desert island. The next morning, they decide to become to the island they can meet across the reef. With much attempt, they construct a vessel out of tubs. Later they fill the tubs with food and ammunition and all other articles of value they tin can safely bear, they row toward the island. 2 dogs from the ship named Turk and Juno swim abreast them. The ship's cargo of livestock (including a cow, a donkey, two goats, half-dozen sheep, a ram, a hog, chickens, ducks, geese, and pigeons), guns and pulverisation, carpentry tools, books, a disassembled pinnace and provisions have survived.
Upon reaching the island, the family unit set upwards a makeshift camp. William knows that they must prepare for a long time on the island and his thoughts are equally much on provisions for the futurity as for their immediate wants. William and his oldest son Fritz spend the adjacent twenty-four hour period exploring the island.
The family spends the side by side few days securing themselves against hunger. William and Fritz brand several trips to the send in their efforts to bring ashore everything useful from the vessel. The domesticated animals on the ship are towed back to the isle. At that place is besides a great store of firearms and ammunition, hammocks for sleeping, carpenter'southward tools, lumber, cooking utensils, silverware, and dishes. Initially they construct a treehouse, but as time passes (and after Elizabeth is injured climbing the stairs downward from information technology), they settle in a more permanent dwelling in function of a cave. Fritz rescues a young Englishwoman named Jenny Montrose who was shipwrecked elsewhere on their island.
The book covers more than ten years. William and older boys explore various environments and develop homes and gardens in various sites about the island. In the end, the male parent wonders if they will always again run into the rest of humanity. Eventually, a British send that is in search of Jenny Montrose anchors nearly the isle and is discovered by the family unit. The captain is given the journal containing the story of their life on the island which is somewhen published. Several members of the family choose to keep to live tranquilly on their island while several of them return to Europe with the British.
Characters [edit]
The master characters of the book (including Isabelle de Montolieu's adaptations and continuation) are:
- Pastor – The patriarch of the family. He is the narrator of the story and leads the family. He knows an enormous amount of information on almost everything the family unit comes beyond, demonstrating bravery and cocky-reliance.
- Elizabeth – The loving mother of the family. She is intelligent and resourceful, arming herself even before leaving the ship with a "magic handbag" filled with supplies, including sewing materials and seeds for food crops. She is too a remarkably versatile cook, taking on anything from porcupine soup to roast penguin.
- Fritz – The oldest of the four boys, he is 15. Fritz is intelligent but impetuous. He is the strongest and accompanies his father on many quests.
- Ernest – The second oldest of the boys, he is 13. Ernest is the most intelligent, but a less physically agile male child, frequently described by his father every bit "indolent". Like Fritz however, he comes to exist an fantabulous shot.
- Jack – The third oldest of the boys, 11 years old. He is thoughtless, assuming, vivacious, and the quickest of the group.
- Franz (sometimes translated as Francis) – The youngest of the boys, he is 8 years erstwhile when the story opens. He unremarkably stays abode with his mother.
- Turk – The family'due south English domestic dog.
- Juno – The family unit's Danish dog.
- Nip (likewise called Knips or Nips in some editions) – An orphan monkey adopted past the family afterward their dogs Turk and Juno take killed his female parent. The family uses him to test for poisonous fruits.
- Fangs – A jackal that was tamed by the family.
In the novel, the family unit is not called "Robinson" as their surname is not mentioned. Notwithstanding, in 1900, Jules Verne published The Castaways of the Flag (alternatively known every bit Second Fatherland), where he revisits the original shipwreck. In this sequel, of the family's final years on the original isle, the family unit is called Zermatt.[3]
Other adaptations [edit]
The novels in ane form or another have besides been adjusted numerous times, sometimes changing location and/or fourth dimension period:
Volume sequels [edit]
- Willis the Pilot: a sequel to The Swiss family Robinson; or, Adventures of an emigrant family wrecked on an unknown coast of the Pacific Ocean (1858) has been attributed to Johann Wyss or to Johanna Spyri, author of Heidi.
- Second Fatherland (Seconde Patrie, 1900), by Jules Verne takes up the story at the signal where Wyss'due south tale left off. Information technology has also been published in two volumes, Their Island Home and Castaways of the Flag.
- Return to Robinson Isle (2015), by T. J. Hoisington, based on the original 1812 Swiss Family Robinson novel.[4]
Audio adaptations [edit]
In 1963, the novel was dramatized past the Tale Spinners for Children serial (United Artists Records UAC 11059) performed past the Famous Theatre Visitor.
Picture versions [edit]
- Al-Ṭurfa al-Šahiyya fī aḫbār al-ʿAʾila al-Swīsiyya, Arabic translation (c. 1900)
- Swiss Family Robinson (1940 motion picture)
- Swiss Cheese Family Robinson (Mighty Mouse short, 1947)
- Swiss Family Robinson (1960 Walt Disney live-activity film)
- The Swiss Family Robinson (1976)
- Lost in Space (1998)
Made-for-TV movies [edit]
- Beverly Hills Family Robinson (1998)
- The New Swiss Family Robinson (1998) — Starring Jane Seymour, James Keach, and David Carradine
- Stranded (2002)
Television series [edit]
- English Family unit Robinson (1957)
- Lost in Space (1965–1968) – A scientific discipline fiction adaptation in which the Robinsons are a family of explorers whose spacecraft goes off course.
- Swiss Family unit Robinson (1974) — Canadian series starring Chris Wiggins
- Swiss Family Robinson (1975) — American series starring Martin Milner
- The Swiss Family Robinson: Flone of the Mysterious Island (1981) — A Japanese anime serial.
- The Swiss Family unit Jetson (1986) – An episode of the animated series The Jetsons modeled later Johann Wyss's book.
- The Adventures of Swiss Family Robinson (1998) — New Zealand serial starring Richard Thomas.
- Lost in Space (2018 – 2021) – A Netflix accommodation of the 1965 Lost in Infinite.
- Swiss Family Robinson (TBA) – A Disney+ adaptation currently in development.
Comic volume series [edit]
- 'Swiss Family unit Robinson' (1947) Classics Illustrated adaptation of the original novel
- Space Family Robinson (1962–1984) – science fiction adaptation
- Swiss Family Mouse n' Sons (c. 1962) - directly adaptation with the Disney characters playing the roles
Phase adaptations [edit]
- Swiss Family unit Robinson written by Jerry Montoya and performed at B Street Theatre in Sacramento, California in 2009.
Estimator risk game [edit]
- Swiss Family Robinson created in 1984 by Tom Snyder Productions for the Apple II and Commodore 64, published under the Windham Classics label. The thespian takes the role of Fritz, the eldest brother.
Parody [edit]
- The New Swiss Family Robinson by Owen Wister (1882).
Come across also [edit]
- The Admirable Crichton
- Bandage Abroad
- The Coral Isle
- Lost in Infinite
- Robinson Crusoe
Footnotes [edit]
- ^ a b c d e "A Notation on Wyss'southward Swiss Family unit Robinson, Montolieu'south Le Robinson suisse, and Kingston's 1879 text" by Ellen Moody.
- ^ John Seelye, ed. The Swiss Family Robinson. Penguin Classics. 2008. ISBN 978-0-14-310499-v.
- ^ "New Switzerland, Jules Verne's Imaginary Shipwreck Sanctuary".
- ^ "TJ Hoisington Pens the First Swiss Family Robinson Sequel in Over 100 Years".
References [edit]
- Weber, Marie-Hélène (1993). Robinson et robinsonnades: étude comparée de "Robinson Crusoe" de Defoe, "Le Robinson suisse" de J.R. Wyss, "50'Ile mystérieuse" de J. Verne, "Sa majesté des mouches" de Westward. Golding, "Vendredi ou les limbes du Pacifique" de One thousand. Tournier, Ed. Universitaires du Sud.
- Wyss, Johann. The Swiss Family Robinson, ed. John Seelye. Penguin Classics, 2007. The only unabridged complete text genuinely by Wyss (and his son) currently in print.
External links [edit]
- The Swiss Family Robinson, bachelor at Internet Annal (original edition scanned books with illustrations in color)
- The Swiss Family unit Robinson, available at Google Books (original edition scanned books with illustrations)
- The Swiss Family unit Robinson at Project Gutenberg (plain text and HTML). Version unknown, ca. 1850, missing ii pages of text.
- The Swiss Family Robinson at Project Gutenberg (plain text). Kingston's 1879 translation.
- "A Note on Wyss'due south Swiss Family unit Robinson, Montolieu's Le Robinson suisse, and Kingston'southward 1879 text", by Ellen Moody. Information about the volume and its many versions.
-
The Swiss Family unit Robinson public domain audiobook at LibriVox
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Swiss_Family_Robinson
0 Response to "What Time Period Was the Swiss Family Robinson Story Set in"
Postar um comentário